American Hospital Association | Distance Learning Systems (DLSI)

Nursing Roles and Duties

Nurses play an important part in any hospital. You can’t imagine a hospital or a hospice care without them. They have so many roles that any hospital would find it hard to deal with their patients without them.

They don’t just roam around a hospital and assist those in need of help. Nurses have specific roles to do for their patients. Their duties may have evolved over time, but nurses are no longer mere assistants to doctors and medical specialists. A hospital care is not complete without a nurse.

Care Provider
First of all, nurses provide care to their patients. And that includes attending to their personal needs at times.

Comforter
Nurses are great comforters, too. Their patients need that more than giving a precise medical diagnosis. When a nurse provides comfort to a patient; that will make his patient feel better.

Communicator
Nurses should be able to communicate to their patients as well. If they can talk to them, establish lines of communication, their patients’ time inside a hospital would be worthwhile.

Coach
They can be a teacher, if need be. This happens when explaining difficult terms used with medicine. If a nurse provides coaching to his patient, things inside the hospital would be a whole lot better.

Client Advocate
Nurses should be able to treat their patients as the most important person in the hospital. It is not the hospital who is paying them but their patients. So, providing care and comfort to them should be their main duty.

This is a short list of the many roles nurses do inside a hospital. They may use a combination of these roles, depending on the need of the patient, but nurses are there to give special medical attention to those who are in need of one.

Hospital Jobs

A hospital is a place for patients and doctors. But jobs in a hospital are not limited to just health care. According to forbes.com, hospitals employ more than 5 million people and they are all hardly doctors. America’s general medical and surgical hospitals have one-third jobs that are non-medical.

In a hospital, there are clinical and non-clinical jobs in all levels and types. Clinical hospital jobs are those which provide direct patient care, such as nurse, doctors, or allied personnel. Meanwhile, non-clinical hospital jobs are administrative or management types of roles, from the janitors to the executives.

Some of the clinical hospital jobs include physicians (ER doctors, surgeons, hospitalists), nurses (CRNA, RN, LPN/LVN, CNS, techs (Radiology Tech, Ultrasound Tech, Surgical Tech), therapists (Physical Therapist, Radiation Therapist), medical assistants, pharmacists, medical lab technologists, and dietician.

The examples of non-clinical hospital jobs include case managers (social workers), accountants, human resources and recruiting, executives (CEO, CFO, CIO), information technologists, and administrative assistants.

Working in a hospital might be attractive to you if you enjoy working with people and being around a lot of other people. And if you like a bit of a challenge in the work place every day, you are bound to experience that as an average hospital has hundreds of employees and patients coming in on a daily basis. Also, hospital jobs are relatively secure. If you are looking for a work place where there is more hiring than firing, then you might want to consider working in a hospital.

Of course, there are also downsides to working in a hospital. It is probably not the most progressive place to work as hospital environments do not change much over the years. Other than medical technology, not much changes in the hospital environment. Aside from that, hospital politics is also an issue. And more importantly, you need to keep in mind that many sick people, including those with infectious disease s, come through the door.

Financing Hospital Care in the United States

Since the 60’s, Medical costs have risen dramatically in the U.S. The greatest increase comes from hospital care. Most hospitals have been granted large wage increase and installed expensive modern equipments. To meet these large expenditures, hospitals raised charges to their services by about 600 percent.

There are three main methods of financing hospital care in the country: (1) private insurance, (2) government funding, and (3) customer payments.

Private Insurance. Approximately 80% of Americans have health insurance of some kind. The employee, employer, and the government pays a certain amount for medical benefits. Private health insurance are offered either by insurance companies, medical service plans, employers, or organizations.

Medical service plans provide service benefits. This service is a direct payment to the physician or hospital for medical care. On the other hand, Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO’s) provide nearly complete health care services for a monthly or annual fee. Despite the complete services provided, patient’s options are limited or are bonded by the HMO’s restrictions. There are also employers who pay for the health care cost for their employees rather than buying insurance.

Government Funding. About 40 percent of all health care cost is paid by the government. Of course, the Federal government pays for the larger portion. Hospitals that receive such funding are those managed by the Public Health Service and the Department of Veterans Affairs.

Medicare is the biggest government funded health care program in the U.S. IT helps senior citizens pay for out patient, nursing and hospital care.

Customer Payments. Most insurance do no pay for cost of medicine, medical appliances, dental , and eyeglasses. Some only cover a portion of the outpatient care. Patients will need to cover part of the cost themselves. Nearly 25% of health care cost is paid by patients.

Hospital Associated Pneumonia Prevention

Hospital associated pneumonia has become a great concern nowadays. According to WHO, pneumonia acquired from hospitals’ morbidity and mortality rates are staggering high. For those who are not aware, pneumonia that starts in the hospital tends to be more serious than other lung infections.

This growing concern is due to several factors. Usually, the infection spreads when patients use respirators – machine for breathing. During hospital stay, patients are more vulnerable to germs or viruses since they are not well enough to fit the off. Patients who are more prone to this disease in the hospital are those who had surgeries, chemo therapy (cancer treatment with low immunity), have chronic lung disease, elderly, and alcoholic.

Germs are also passed from one health care staff to another through hand contact or clothing. This is why they are required to wear gloves and masks when on duty. There are also other ways to avoid the dreadful disease.

The best way to stop the spread of germs is through frequent hand washing, stay at home when sick, and boost immunity. People who need to visit their loved ones in the hospital must make sure that they have taken steps in preventing the spread of germs: bring hand sanitizer, wear masks and gloves, and never bring an infant or child. If you have contact with a person in the hospital, never place your hand from your face. When someone coughs or sneezes, cover your nose and mouth with clean tissue or hanky. Do the same when you sneeze or cough as well.

In-patients who are very young and old or very ill at greater risk of such infections. To prevent the spread of germs, get up-to-date vaccination. Ask your doctor about flu and anti-viral vaccinations available. With good preventive measures, you can ensure to have a disease-free life.

Improving Healthcare Services

From healthcare discoveries to the most recent treatment options, America’s healthcare educational institutions and teaching hospitals, as well as their doctors and experts, possess a legacy of developing treatments and establishing the standard for the best patient health care. By way of a multi-year initiative to enhance the standard and security of health care, it is vital to work together to generate guidelines for better quality health care.

Through guidelines for much better Healthcare, it is necessary to integrate verified methods to guarantee more secure surgeries, decrease infections, and reduce hospital re-admissions. We must built an even tougher tradition of quality and protection in medicine by passing these guidelines to each new doctor educated and make sure high quality and safety is part of medical training from day one. Through good research and evaluation, best practices will be improved, learn new ones, and discuss our knowledge with others to enhance health care.

It is, of course, the responsibility of a hospital to secure their patients by giving quality standards, updating procedures, regular maintenance and developing technology. The health care education facilities must be able to educate the next era of doctors with quality and patient security. Through continued research and study, patients must be more secure with safer surgeries. Hospitals must as well develop or enhance a program that will reduce the hospital re-admissions especially for high-risk patients. This will reduce the hospital cost and the stress of staying long in hospital wards away from home.

Lastly, there must be a continued investigation, research and examination of new and efficient health care practices as well as the use of efficient technologies to establish a better future of the health care industry.

Importance and Duties of Housekeepers in a Hospital

Hospitals all over the world require constant maintenance and restoration to maintain order and to avoid accidents or spread of diseases. The assigned housekeepers have a less noticed job, but their presence is important and without them, other services will not be performed or given.

There are various duties that housekeepers do within the hospital. The most common job is to prepare the bed for the arrival of the new patient. They must ensure that the sheets are clean as well as the blankets. They must sanitize the tables and other equipments surrounding the patient. The floor must be cleaned as well and be sanitized.

You will be disgusted when the comfort room is not properly cleaned. It is the job of the housekeeper to maintain the restrooms. They must sanitize it and replace tissues and trash bins daily. This is to ensure that the patients are comfortable with their stay and to avoid the spread of diseases. Their main job is to maintain cleanliness in every area of the hospital. They must clean the spills, like blood or feces, at the floor from the entrance to the rooms. They must also take the soiled laundry to the designated area where the laundry service will pick it up.

They must also ensure that the equipments are returned to their proper spots when not in use, like wheelchairs, IV stand, nebulizers etc. Services will be delayed when these equipments are not in place when needed. They will also ensure that sufficient equipment such as gowns etc., are back in the same wards and make sure that there is enough amount of clean laundry. The housekeeper job is not as noticeable as compared to other jobs in a hospital like nurses and doctors, but their job is necessary in order to provide the complete services to the patient.

Healthcare Reform and Hospitals

The discussion on whether the Affordable Care Act is a success or not will most likely continue for years, but authorities at St. Rose Hospital in Hayward say, because of the ACA and other state and government cuts, it might not be around to see the accidental complication of healthcare change. St. Rose Hospital has had cash problems for years. In fact, it has almost closed a few times before. Its sufferers are mostly without insurance or under-insured. The new control group is making progress to keep a hospital open, but the discount rates in state and government cash might mean those gates close for good.

For sufferers like Ginny Almond, St. Rose Hospital’s place in Hayward is everything. She was recently rushed there for emergency surgery. She says a few years ago, St. Rose physicians saved her life after she almost passed away in a fire. “Very thankful that they were there and so close to where I stay,” Almond says. The personal, non-profit hospital admits almost 35,000 E.R. sufferers a year. With Kaiser Hayward closing, St. Rose will be the only service getting 911 sufferers in the Bay Area’s fifth biggest town.

Now, because of cash problems, St. Rose might have to shut down. “It’d be terrible for myself and for the group,” according to Almond. St. Rose’s Chief Financial Officer, Mark Krissman, points out, “If St. Rose no longer exists, that means lives are at stake because emergency vehicles have to journey a little bit further to another service.” He says, as a safety net hospital, St. Rose admits a huge number of without insurance and under-insured sufferers.

The charges those sufferers can’t pay have been sponsored by state and government programs, such as, Medicare and MediCal. The Affordable Care Act will decrease Medicare financial assistance by $22 billion dollars over the next five years. The idea is that more people will be covered and able to manage medical care. But Krissman claims his hospital still needs that cash, because St. Rose serves a poor community, many of whom might not sign up for insurance. “We will get $3.6 million less in compensation for the next 12 months,” according to Krissman. Add that to the $10,000 shortage Krissman says St. Rose shelves up every day, in part because MediCal doesn’t cover full service expenses.

Strategies For Patient-Centered Care

Nearly 200 medical professionals from around the state gathered in Manchester to share their communities’ techniques to providing Vermonters with high-quality, patient-centered medical care. “With all the state and federal policy changes ongoing, medical service suppliers remain targeted on why we are so deeply engaged in this work, to create lasting improvements in patient care and community wellness,” says Bea Grause, President and CEO of the Vermont Association of Hospitals and Health Systems (VAHHS).

The conference provided an opportunity for members to understand about colleagues’ experiences with new techniques to clinical care, finance and governance issues. The meeting’s centerpiece was a “town hall” session in which members shared ideas and strategies medical service suppliers are employing to ensure Vermonters receive high-quality medical care. The session also targeted on giving sufferers and families a voice in their care. “Patients want authentic engagement in care choices,” says Ben Chu, Board Chair of the American Hospital Association. “It’s exciting to understand about the efforts ongoing in Vermont that will interact with sufferers in a way that educates them about their options and respects their needs and values.”

The VAHHS Annual Meeting took place during a time of rapid and significant changes. Medical centers and other suppliers around the state are developing OneCare Vermont, a provider network established to eliminate unnecessary care, use resources wisely and interact with sufferers in their wellness and fitness. In October, many individuals and small companies will begin purchasing health insurance coverage through Vermont Health Connect, the state’s new online health insurance coverage market. The state is also beginning work on a federally-funded State Innovation Model (SIM) project to test new patient care delivery and payment models. “Vermont continues to lead on medical care reform,” says Raymond Hurd, Regional Administrator for the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). “We are excited that Vermont is using an innovation model as another way to improve high quality of patient care and individual experience while lowering the cost of medical care for its citizens.”

Hospital Benefit Plans

Hospitals and health and fitness systems are generally considered as companies that handle the ill and, more progressively, motivate precautionary health and fitness. However, hospitals are also companies and some of the greatest companies at that. In non-urban areas, a hospital is generally the prominent company, and it’s not unusual to find a health and fitness program with thousands of employees. With that comes a large benefit program for employees, which can be very costly and a big part of a hospital’s financial strategies. Consulting company Towers Watson lately finished its “2012 Hospital Industry Benefits Benchmarking Study,” which analyzed the benefits plan conditions of 48 hospitals and health and fitness systems across the country. The average number a survey participant was 5,000 to 10,000 employees, while the average size was 20,000 employees.

Two Towers Watson benefits experts, Joey Dizenhouse, senior health and fitness and group benefits advisor, and Sue DeFelice, senior pension benefits advisor say hospital benefit programs are going through a period of major change right now, just like those in the rest of the industry and in other sectors as well.

Medical centers are interested in guiding their employees to their own suppliers and services. The expenses of health and fitness benefits signify more than one-third of a hospital’s total benefits expenses for employees, higher than most other sectors. As both a company and provider, hospitals have a unique advantage over other types of companies: They can direct their employees to use the system’s “domestic providers” to save on expenses, Mr. Dizenhouse says. This strategy is growing in reputation for two reasons. Medical centers are able to better handle the health and fitness of their employees, and their payments for worker medical care reuse to their own program instead of going to a competitor. “If employees use household suppliers when possible, a medical care facility is able to cure employees as sufferers,” Mr. Dizenhouse says. “That has always been key.”

Group health and fitness programs are being targeted toward hospital employees. Through outreach and education, hospitals have ramped up their initiatives to advertise maintenance in their areas. If people regularly see their doctor, that may lead to less trips in the more costly hospital inpatient setting.

Trends in Hospitals for 2013

Hospitals & Health Networks together with the American Hospital Association released a 2013 environmental check, a comprehensive review of the health care field that recognizes market forces likely to impact the field. The report identified 10 key themes which are generally not new to health care, but jointly indicate the industry’s sweeping changes. They are:

Information technology and e-health, such as ICD-10 execution, mobile health, big data, details exchange, and EHRs

Insurance and coverage, such as State Medicaid programs spending and registration growth, consumer-driven health plans, and Medical health insurance costsPolitical issues, such as the decrease of Medical health insurance company rates, the Supreme Court ruling State Medicaid programs expansion unconstitutional, and the decrease of federal support for hospital State Medicaid programs and Medical health insurance programsProvider organizations and doctors, such as the increase of retail treatment centers, the creation of a culture of performance quality and responsibility, and the need for hospitals to operate more leanly
Quality and individual safety, such as penalizations for low quality analytics, cost benefits opportunities in supply-sensitive care, care synchronization during hospital-to-home changes, and concern that public reports fairly and perfectly reflect hospital performance
Science and technological innovation, such as the capability to build and enhance virtual company networks, the use of mobile phones and tablets, the growth of e-visits, and the facilitation of hospital care through wireless technology
Human resources, such as trust between doctors and hospitals, demand for highly trained individual capital, and shortages of primary care physician
Consumers and census, along with a development of adult and weight problems in children, an increase in serious conditions, middle-agers working past the age of 65, and families providing the majority of proper care to the elderly
Economy and finance, along with a negative outlook for the charitable health care sector, a growth of hospital mergers and products, and $200 billion dollars of annual waste in health care